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Rapid self-test for early detection of anti-Borrellia IgM antibodies from infected tick bites in blood (Lyme disease)
Ticks, insects found in undergrowth and temperate forests, can carry the Borrelia bacterium, which may be transmitted to humans (1 to 2% risk) through bites on unprotected areas like the arms or legs. Borrelia affects the nervous system, leading to serious neurological disorders. European Borrelia strains, including B. afzelli, B. garinii, B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. spielmanii, and B. bavariensis, are pathogenic, while B. valaisiana and B. lusitaniae are potentially pathogenic, causing cutaneous lesions and arthritis. Within 3 to 10 days after a tick bite, inflammation and erythema may occur, accompanied by fever. In case of infection, the immune system produces IgM antibodies, detectable 2 to 6 weeks post-infection. Lyme disease progresses in three phases: IgM antibodies appear in 40 to 60% during phase I (2 to 4 weeks), 70 to 90% during phase II (4 to 6 weeks), and are generally present in phase III. The TIK’ALERT® test can detect specific IgM antibodies, indicating recent Borrelia infection. Antibiotic therapy can treat infections, but the test cannot determine the illness stage with positive results.
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